In casino blackjack, high cards—tens and aces—are favorable to you, the player, and low cards—2s through 7s—are favorable to the dealer. With more tens and aces in the deck, more blackjacks will be dealt, and even though these blackjacks will be evenly distributed between you and the dealer, you get paid 3 to 2 for your blackjack, while the dealer only gets 1 to 1—the amount of your original bet. In addition, more tens and aces mean that you will have more double-down wins, and that the dealer will bust more often, since the dealer must hit all hands of 16 or less, even when you are stiff.

So, all blackjack card-counting systems keep track of the high cards versus the low cards. When more low cards have already been dealt, leaving the deck(s) rich in high cards, this is favorable for you. When more tens and aces have already come out of the deck(s), the reverse is true. Most professional-level counting systems are balanced point-count systems. The counter assigns plus and minus point values (usually +1 or -1) to the various cards based on their value to him. The system is said to be "balanced" when there are an equal number of plus and minus point values, so that the sum of all these values in a full deck adds up to zero.

As cards are dealt, the player adds the values of the cards he sees to his "running count." The running count is the total count since the last shuffle. If you started your count at 0, then saw five low cards dealt (valued at +1 each), and three high cards dealt (valued at -1 each), your running count would be +2, since 5-3 = 2.

Once learned, this aspect of card counting becomes automatic and easy. The difficulty of playing a balanced point-count system comes when you must use the count to determine how much to bet and how to play your hand. First, the running count must be converted to a "true count" (there is an in-depth explanation of true count—for those who choose to use this more advanced technique—in a later section). Second, the player must memorize, and be able to apply, the correct playing decisions based on this true count. Learning to keep a running count is not difficult for most players. Applying the count properly at the tables, however, may be such a mental strain that many either give up on card counting completely, or continue to count but extract very little value from their efforts. This is why simpler "unbalanced" systems were developed.

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If you do not intend to learn accurate basic strategy, you can cut the house edge to about 1 % by playing an approximate basic strategy. Follow these rules:

1. Never take insurance.
2. If the dealer's upcard is 7, 8, 9, X, or A, hit until you get to hard 17 or more.
3. If the dealer's upcard is 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6, stand on all your stiffs, hard hands of 12 through 16.

4. Hit all soft hands of soft 17 (A6) and less.
5. Stand on soft 18 (A7) or higher.
6. Double down on 10 and 11 against any dealer upcard from 2 through 9.
7. Always split aces and 8s.
8. Never split 4s, 5s, or 10s.
9. Split all other pairs—2s, 3s, 6s, 7s, and 9s—if the dealer shows up—cards of 4, 5, or 6.
10. Surrender 16 vs. 9, X or A.

MULTI-ACTION BLACKJACK
In Multi-Action games, your basic strategy does not change. Always play every hand exactly as if it is the only hand on the table. Do not be afraid to hit your stiffs—a common Multi-Action error. The Multi-Action format does not alter the house percentage, or basic strategy, in any way.

If you intend to learn to count cards, you first have to nail down accurate basic strategy. Once you know basic strategy, your decisions will become automatic. Even when counting cards, you will still play basic strategy on 80% or more of your hands. Basic strategy is your single most powerful weapon.

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